13-14th of May 2002 - ENSA Montpellier (France)
References to go further on Global public Goods
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Round Table 1 - Global Public Goods: one definition?
The notion of global public goods was initially developed from the public good theory. However, the debate over the relevance of a GPG approach to international regulation has extended well beyond the narrow sphere of neo-classical economists. GPGs are also analysed by social science, political science and law and are also increasingly invoked by international organisations and decision-makers. The range of uses of the GPG notion runs from the standard economic definition based on non-exclusion and non-rivalry, to the issue of global environment protection, and to areas where basic human rights are at stake (education, health, extreme poverty reduction, access to water etc.). It is therefore necessary to design a taxonomy of GPGs. What are the available theoretical and analytical instruments to define GPGs? Is it possible to reach a consensual definition?
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- Definitions of GPGs and categories of GPGs - Historical perspective on the use of the GPG term in international fora - Which procedures to co-ordinate national preferences in order to promote the emergence of an international common will for GPGs? - How to identify priorities between GPGs? |
Chair:
Laurence Tubiana (IDDRI)
Speakers:
François Constantin (Université de Pau, France), see contribution
paper
Benoit Daviron and Thierry Giordano (Cirad-Montpellier and IDDRI, France)
Sarah Heathcote (Université de Genève, Switzerland), see contribution paper
Federico Foders (Kiel Institute for World Economics, Germany), see contribution paper
Jean Coussy (CERI, France), see contribution paper
Round Table 2 - Economic instruments: compatibility with trade rules?
Many efforts for managing global issues are directed towards the setting up of economic instruments in order to "internalise" the externalities associated with global public goods. Two categories of economic answers are envisaged: the distribution of enforceable tradable rights in order to create the conditions for market solutions when the production of the public good can be decentralised; or the setting-up of international taxes (or subsidies) in order to bring in line private costs and social costs. However such instruments may potentially contradict trade rules by introducing new competition biases. How should these instruments be designed in order to be made compatible with the WTO regulation framework?
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- New rights - the case of the climate convention - parties and non parties - International taxes - how to implement and harmonise them without introducing competition biases? - Biodiversity preservation and intellectual property rights - Eco-labelling and compatibility with trade rules |
Chair:
Sophie Thoyer
Speakers:
Olivier Godard (Ecole Polytechnique, France), see contribution paper (pdf)
Michel Trommetter (Inra-Grenoble, France)
Jean-Michel Salles (CNRS, Montpellier)
Mar Campins (University of Barcelona, Spain), see contribution
paper
Round Table 3 - Regulation policies and global norms: Articulation with the trade regime?
Another way to preserve GPGs is to implement co-ordinated control and regulation systems. A number of them incorporate trade measures (in the form of trade restrictions or/and trade sanctions) or require the setting-up of global norms. There is therefore scope for conflict between the trade regime and GPG governance systems.
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- Regulation of global environmental risks - Links with WTO trade rules - Regulation of banking, investment and capital flow movements to prevent financial crisis - Food security and trade - Human rights and social norms |
Chair:
Jim Rollo (Sussex University, UK)
Speakers:
Konrad VonMoltke (Institute for Environmental Studies, Amsterdam, Netherlands), see contribution paper
Caroline Dommen (3D-Associates, Geneva, Switzerland)
Phil Evans (Consumers Association, London, UK)
Cristina Tebar-Less (OECD), see contribution paper
Richard Tarasofsky (Ecologic, Berlin), see contribution paper
Round Table 4 - Collective identification of GPGs and governance issues
It is increasingly argued that some services or resources which are private in essence should be made public and accessible to all. Access to education and health for example is announced as one of the UN Millenium Development Goals. The international community could decide to make them GPGs by reducing the scope for exclusion and rivalry in access to medicines and knowledge and by setting-up an international fund to finance them. However such "new" GPGs will compete with each other for scarce financial, political and administrative capacity internationally. Several questions therefore need to be addressed, both on the procedures of "legitimation" of these goods and on the principles which should govern their provision.
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- The cases of health, knowledge, water etc - how are they becoming an international stake? What are the proposals for financing them?. - The case of poverty -Access to market and potential for growth: cases of agriculture - To what extent can trade rules contribute to their provision? |
Chair:
P. Colombani (Ifri, Paris)
Speakers:
Sylvia Chiffoleau (CNRS, Lyon, France), see contribution paper
Alexandre Taithe (University Paris II), see contribution
paper (in french, pdf)
JM Garcia Alvarez Coque (University of Valencia, Spain), see contribution
paper
Diana Barrowclough (University of cambridge / UNCTAD, Geneva), see contribution paper
Vincent Aussilloux (Dree, Paris), see contribution paper (in french)